A patient diagnosed with Addison's disease presents with brown spots on knuckles and nail beds. What is the recommended treatment?

The treatment for a patient diagnosed with Addison's disease should include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Addison's disease is characterized by the insufficient production of hormones by the adrenal glands, particularly cortisol and aldosterone. Glucocorticoids, such as hydrocortisone or prednisone, are essential in replacing the inadequate cortisol levels, helping to manage symptoms like fatigue, low blood pressure, and adrenal crisis.

Mineralocorticoids, such as fludrocortisone, are crucial for maintaining sodium balance and regulating blood pressure. The presence of brown spots on the knuckles and nail beds indicates possible hyperpigmentation, a common symptom in patients with Addison's due to increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. Consequently, treatment is aimed at restoring the hormonal balance through the administration of both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. This combined approach effectively addresses the hormonal deficiencies caused by the disease and alleviates symptoms, ultimately improving the patient's overall health and quality of life.